Hydrofluoric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride gas, a clear, colorless, smoky, corrosive liquid with a strong pungent odor. Hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid with extremely strong corrosiveness, which can strongly corrode metals, glass, and objects containing silicon. Inhaling steam or coming into contact with the skin can cause incurable burns. Laboratories generally use fluorite (mainly composed of calcium fluoride) and concentrated sulfuric acid to produce, which need to be sealed in plastic bottles and stored in a cool place.
Due to its ability to dissolve oxides, hydrofluoric acid plays an important role in the purification of aluminum and uranium. Hydrofluoric acid is also used to etch glass, carving patterns, marking scales, and writing; The semiconductor industry uses it to remove oxides on the surface of silicon. In refineries, it can be used as a catalyst for the alkylation reaction of isobutane and n-butene. Hydrofluoric acid is also used in the "pickling" process of removing oxygen-containing impurities on the surface of stainless steel. Hydrofluoric acid is also used in the synthesis of various fluorinated organic compounds, such as Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) and refrigerants such as Freon.
Both hydrofluoric acid and molten sodium hydroxide can be used to remove the glass coating layer on the surface of microfilaments, with a removal thickness of 10% at room temperature μ The time for the glass coating layer of m is about 150 seconds, and the melting of sodium hydroxide takes about 10 seconds; The composition and structure of glass are important factors affecting the corrosion resistance of glass coated pure copper microfilaments. Glass coated pure copper microfilaments were prepared by melt spinning method, and the removal of glass coating layer on the surface of the microfilaments was experimentally studied. The corrosion behavior of the microfilaments in hydrofluoric acid and molten sodium hydroxide was evaluated. The corrosion resistance of glass coated pure copper microfilaments in strong acid and alkali was analyzed, and their corrosion mechanism was explored.
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